Shisham (''Dalbergia sissoo''), is an erect deciduous tree, native to the Indian Subcontinent. It is also called Sissoo, Sisu, Sheesham, Tahli and Indian Rosewood. It is primarily found growing along river banks below 900m elevation, but can range naturally up to 1,300m. The temperature in its native range averages 10 – 40°C, but varies from just below freezing to nearly 50°C. It can withstand average annual rainfall up to 2,000mm and droughts of 3 – 4 months. Soils range from pure sand and gravel to rich alluvium of river banks; Shisham can grow in slightly saline soils. Seedlings are intolerant of shade.

Shisham is best known internationally as a premier timber species of the rosewood genus, but is also utilised as an important fuel wood and for shade and shelter. With its multiple products, tolerance of light frosts and long dry seasons, this species deserves greater consideration for tree farming, reforestation and agro forestry applications. After Teak, it is the most important cultivated timber tree in Bihar- which is the largest producer of Shisham timber in India. In Bihar the tree is planted on roadsides, along canals and as a shade tree for tea plantations. __NOTOC__